Engineering is commonly triggered when a project goes beyond prescriptive or standard construction and the building department needs structural or other professional analysis. Whether it is required depends on the exact design and site conditions.
Building departments use their own terminology, deadlines and procedures. Treat this as a practical orientation and verify the current rule with the jurisdiction that issued — or would issue — the permit.
No. Many projects do not, but structural alterations or conditions outside standard prescriptive rules can trigger engineering.
Yes. A reviewer may determine that the submitted information is not enough to demonstrate compliance without professional analysis.